The National Monument is technically located in St. Augustine, Florida. However, it's about 20 minutes south of St. Augustine proper. Once you arrive at the visitor center, you take a ferry with your guide to the island where the fort is located, less than five minutes on the water. The fortification was established to protect Spanish trade routes.
Pro Tip: Check tour days and times before you head to the site. Also, see if you can make reservations in advance. If you can't, be prepared to wait a variable amount of time, depending on how busy they are.